Mitigation is a short-term strategy to alleviate the immediate impact of climate change on ocean systems and coastal communities -- measures aimed, for example, at reducing greenhouse gas emissions at the source. The approach also relies heavily on engineering solutions such as treatment and filtration, reinforced sea walls, dikes, levees, jetties, and channels to control flooding and erosion, repaired or strengthened infrastructure, and even the relocation of production and people to higher ground.