Acidification is a critical outcome of increased dissolution of CO₂ in seawater.  Decreasing ocean pH results in decreasing calcification, respiratory difficulties, and reproductive changes in marine species worldwide. The most evident result can be found in the dramatic changes evident in coral reefs, as rich a biotic community as the rain forest, as well as in microscopic organisms at the bottom of the marine food chain that sustain fisheries and food security. Both these ecosystems are now experiencing the serious negative consequences of increased acidification of climate and ocean.